A look at python slicing

In this post i'm going to take a look at basic of python slicing which can be quite useful.
Let say we have ptr = "POINTER" a string field, i'll use that string to show the different types of slicing.

Get first n elemenst using [:n]

ptr[:1]    --> "P"
ptr[:2]   --> "PO"
ptr[:3]   --> "POI"

Remove first n elements using [n:]

ptr[1:]  --> "OINTER"
ptr[2:]  --> "INTER"
ptr[3:]  --> "NTER"

Get last n elements using [-n:]

ptr[-1:]  --> "R"      
ptr[-2:]  --> "ER"    
ptr[-3:]  --> "TER"   

Remove last n elements using [:-n]

ptr[:-1]  --> "POINTE"
ptr[:-2]  --> "POINT" 
ptr[:-3]  --> "POIN"

  
Get sub elemens using [n:m]
It given sub elements from n (inclusive) m(exclusive).

ptr[0:3] --> "POI"

Get sub elemens using [n:-m]
a). first apply [:-m] .i.e. removes last m elements,
b). then show all elements from n (inclusive).
ptr[0:-1]  --> "POINTE"
ptr[2:-3]  --> "IN

 Get sub elemens using [-n:m]
a). first apply [:m] .i.e. get first m elements,
b). get n last elements.
c) get common elements from a) and b)

example :  ptr[-1:7]  -->  'R'

a) ptr[:7] ----> X = 'POINTER' 
b) ptr[-1]  --->  Y = 'R'
c) apply  intersection(X, Y) --> 'R' 

example :  ptr[-1:6]   --> ""

a) ptr[:6]  ----> X = 'POINTE'
b) ptr[-1]  --->  Y = 'R'
c) apply  intersection(X, Y) --> nothing.

One intesting observation in here is :

[-7:1] => 'P'
[-6:2] => 'O'
[-5:3] => 'I'
........
........
 [-1:7] => 'R'

Following code implement above behaviour
ptr_len=len(ptr)+1
for i in range(1, ptr_len):
  ptr_len=ptr_len-1
  print ptr[-ptr_len:i]


Thats it. I hope,  i have demonstrated in very simple to get you understand python slicing.

Creating a excel file in python

To Create a Excel file using python , the xlsxwriter module found pretty cool
                    pip install xlsxwriter

after installing it , lets write a code to create a file.

Create a file and associate it with worksheet

             workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('person.xlsx')
             worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()

In a worksheet, column and row in a worksheet are referenced by their index number, which starts with 0.

Set a width  of all columns : 
      worksheet.set_column(0, index_last_column, number)
above line can also be used to set width of particular column.

Creating a headers in bold :
     bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': 1})
      worksheet.write('A', 'Title', bold)
      worksheet.write('B', 'Name', bold)
      worksheet.write('C', 'Age', bold)
first row whose index is 0 is filled with above headers. 
     
Filling Records
person_data = list(Person.objects.all())
let say we have a list of Person objects in person_data
                row =1 // its not 0, since first row is a header
                col =0
           for person in person_data:
                worksheet.write_string(row, col,        person.title)
                worksheet.write_string(row, col+1,   person.first_name)
                worksheet.write_string(row, col+2,   person.last_name)
                r = r+1


Close the file object :
           workbook.close()

checkout docs for more fun.